![]() ![]() Ponent of physical fitness, including aerobic fitness and aerobic capacity. Numerous terms have been used to denote this com. Future research needs are addressed in Chapter 10.Ĭardiorespiratory endurance is the ability to perform large-muscle, whole-body exercise at moderate to high intensities for extended periods of time (Saltin, 1973). Recommendations regarding specific tests for measuring cardiorespiratory endurance for national surveys and in schools and other educational settings are found in Chapters 8 and 9, respectively. After presenting these results, the chapter offers guidance for setting interim cut-points (cutoff scores) for the selected tests. In making its recommendations, the committee considered not only the evidence for a relationship to health, but also the scientific integrity (reliability and validity) of putative health-related tests, as well as the administrative feasibility of implementing these tests. The committee’s recommendations for the selection of fitness tests are based primarily on an extensive review of the literature provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) described in Chapter 3. This chapter presents the committee’s review of the scientific literature that explores the relationship between specific field tests of cardiorespiratory endurance and health outcomes in youth. ![]() Until more data are collected with which to establish criterion-referenced cut-points (cutoff scores), interim cut-points corresponding to the lowest 20th percentile of the distribution of cardiorespiratory endurance should be used to interpret results of all cardiorespiratory endurance tests and to determine whether individuals are at risk of negative health outcomes.Ĭardiorespiratory endurance has been recognized as a key component of physical fitness throughout the history of the field. Although the evidence for a relationship between distance/timed runs and health is insufficient at this time, this type of test is valid and reliable and could be an alternative in schools and other educational settings. The shuttle run is advantageous when there are time constraints and when cost may be a problem, such as in schools and other educational settings. If the test is to be administered in a setting with space limitations (e.g., a mobile test center for a national survey), a submaximal treadmill or cycle ergometer test should be used. Based on its relationship to health, as well as its reliability, validity, and feasibility, a timed or progressive shuttle run, such as the 20-meter shuttle run, is appropriate for measuring cardiorespiratory endurance in youth. To body weight or adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors. The health markers most frequently assessed are related Available evidence indicates that these three types of tests demonstrate acceptable validity and reliability. ![]() The cardiorespiratory endurance tests most commonly associated with a positive change in a health marker are the shuttle run and tests conducted with the treadmill and cycle ergometer. While such effects have been suggested in the past, the committee could draw no conclusions based on the evidence reviewed. A paucity of studies explore the effects of several potential modifiers, such as age, gender, body composition, maturation status, and ethnicity, on performance on the various tests of cardiorespiratory endurance. Limitations of the studies reviewed by the committee relate mainly to the design of the studies, specifically the lack of analysis of the independent effect of cardiorespiratory endurance on health. Other studies point to a potential relationship between cardiorespiratory endurance and other, less studied risk factors, such as those related to pulmonary function, depression and positive self-concept, and bone health. The committee’s review revealed clear relationships between cardiorespiratory endurance and several health risk factors, including adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors. Although there is a well-known association between cardiorespiratory endurance and health outcomes in adults, the measurement of cardiorespiratory endurance in youth and of its relationship to health outcomes is relatively new to the literature. ![]()
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